Introduction The term “Web3” has gained popularity, but its meaning is often unclear. Is it: 1.…

Introduction Blockchain is often introduced as a distributed ledger. This description is technically accurate but conceptually…

Introduction Decentralisation is often presented as inherently superior. In reality, it introduces fundamental trade-offs. The core…

Introduction The term “smart contract” is misleading. These systems are neither intelligent nor flexible. They are:…

Introduction Immutability is one of blockchain’s defining properties. Once data is recorded, it cannot be changed.…